Current day world there are several instruments where an investor can invest. There are lond term investments as well as short term investments. Short term investments include Stocks, Options, Bonds etc. Long term investments include Real Estate, Gold etc. Stocks and options provide a way to buy equity in a Company or organization and to gain or lose with Company's growth. Bonds are nothing but a loan provided by an investor to certain organizations where the organizations pay interest for the money owed to the investor. When you buy a real estate property or gold you retain it mostly for the rest of your life and will earn as the value of the property appreciates.